From Scafati to Acerra to Chicago: The Ancestors of Antonio Brasile
Part One - Generations 1 & 2
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From Scafati to Acerra to Chicago: The Ancestors of Antonio Brasile
A Narrative Lineage
By Deborah A. Carl
Life in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy was hard, but it could have been harder, many were able to escape the life of tenant farmers and work in the factories. In the 1500s Scafati, with the Sarno River that emptied into the Bay of Naples, was ideally located for trade and manufacturing.1 But in 1659, Alfonso Piccolomini, baron of Scafati, blocked part of the Sarno causing it to flood farmlands and infest the area with malaria.2 Scafati’s population was decimated.3
Two things caused Scafati to grow once again. First, Napoleon conquered most of Italy by 1799, and in 1806 he banned trade with England and threatened to seize “any neutral vessels found trading with England.”4 England then banned trade with France and her allies and blocked the ports.5 Since Naples could no longer ship its goods to the world, it turned to trading with the inland communities, and the Sarno was a fast way to move merchandise.6 The second thing that caused Scafati to grow was cotton.7
“Except for the volcanic region around Naples, farming in southern Italy is exceedingly difficult because limestone forms the basement rock and the soil is generally quite poor. But the region around Naples, which includes Mount Vesuvius, is very rich mainly because of two large eruptions...Every square foot of this rich soil is used. For example, even a small vineyard will have, in addition to grapes and spring beans on the trellises, fava beans, cauliflower and onions between the trellis rows, and the vineyard margin rimmed with orange and lemon trees, herbs, and flowers. It also is a huge tomato growing region.”8
Between 1762 and 1844, Vesuvius erupted twenty-seven times, but while earthquakes and ashfall were not uncommon in Scafati, the town did not sustain significant damage.9
Because of that rich soil, cotton was a main crop in Scafati since ancient times.10 At the end of February, the farmers would prepare the soil with a hoe and fertilize it with a cover crop of broad beans, lupins, or clover; or with manure, dung, and urine; or street sweepings; or silt and grasses from ditches and the Sarno River.11 The soil was prepared with hoes as the soil was loose making a plow unnecessary and not worth the expense of keeping a plow animal.12 Harvest ran from September to the end of November and the women and children would collect the cotton balls.13 Because of this production and the waterway, many factories were built in Scafati, including large yarn and fabric factories, and it became one of the main cities for the cotton industry and for trade.14 In 1822 Scafati had a population of about 2,400.15 A large textile factory opened in 1824 and employed about 800 men, women, and children.16
First Generation
1. GIOVANNI BRASILE was born between 1762 and 1772 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, and died on 24 June 1844 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.17 He was married first to MARIA CASILLO between 1779 and 1884 probably in Boscoreale, Naples, Campania, Italy as the marriage traditionally took place in the bride’s hometown.18 She was probably born between 1767 and 1773 in Boscoreale, Naples, Campania, Italy, the daughter of Aniello Casiello and Petronilla Paduano, and she died on 28 October 1820 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.19 Giovanni Brasile married second ANGIOLA GRABRIELLO.20 She was born about 1762 in Boscoreale, Naples, Campania, Italy, the daughter of Domenico Grabriello, and died on 28 July 1842 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.21 There was no evidence that Giovanni and Angiola had any children together.
Both of Giovanni’s wives were born in Boscoreale, Naples, Campania, Italy, which was about four and a half miles from Scafati. In the Middle Ages, Boscoreale failed to flourish and “was transformed into a vast wooded area called...Bosco di Scafati.”22 Three Benedictine monasteries were erected in the area and later it was the hunting reserve of the kings of Naples.23 “In the sixteenth century the first rural houses were built in the Bosco Reale and extensive deforestation was carried out to make room for crops.”24 By the 17th Century, the population was about 1,000 and in 1789 it had 3,468 inhabitants, most of them tenant farmers or stonecutters.25
Giovanni was a faengala, a person who specialized in making maiolica which was tin-glazed earthenware pottery, and Maria Casillo was a spinner/thread maker.26 Maiolica making seemed to have run in the family. Giovanni’s brother Aniello was a faengala.27 Their father Gregorio was a faengala.28 Aniello’s son Gregorio and Giovanni’s son Angelo were faengalas.29 And Angelo’s son Mario was a faengala.30
The known children of Giovanni Brasile and Maria Casillo were:
i. ERASMO BRASILE was born between 1780 and 1784 most likely in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.31 He married Maria Giuseppa Ammora probably before 1810.32 She was born about 1789.33
ii. MARIA ROSA BRASILE was born about 1 January 1794 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, and died on 17 March 1844 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.34 She married Antonio Esposito Fontana on 6 February 1812 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.35 He was a foundling born about March 1791 in Naples, Naples, Campania, Italy, and died on 15 May 1845 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.36
iii. MARIA LUIGIA BRASILE was born about 1796 probably in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.37 She married Tommaso Amatrano on 29 January 1818 at the Santa Maria delle Vergini church in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.38 He was born about 1788 probably in or near Boscotrecase, Naples, Campania, Italy.39
iv. PETRONILLA ANELLA BRASILE was born about 1798 probably in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.40 She married Antonio Luigi Ilarione Gargiulo on 30 January 1819 at the Santa Maria delle Vergini church in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.41 He was probably born about 1 October 1796 in Gragnano, Naples, Campania, Italy.42
v. MARIO BRASILE was born about 15 April 1803 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, and died on 25 January 1831 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.43 He married Mariantonia, also known as Angela Rosa, di Martino on 6 February 1830 at the Santa Maria delle Vergini church in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.44 She was born about 7 May 1804 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.45
vi. DOMENICO BRASILE was born about 1805 probably in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.46
+2. vii. ANGELO BRASILE was born about 25 April 1808 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, and died on 8 December 1861 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.47 He married Raffaela Matrone on 1 August 1836 in Boscoreale, Naples, Campania, Italy.48 She was born on 4 November 1812 in Boscoreale, Naples, Campania, Italy, and died on 2 June 1884 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.49
viii. IGNAZIO NICOLA BRASILE was born on 2 August 1810 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, and died on 12 September 1831 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.50
ix. ANELLA BRASILE was born on 21 September 1812 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.51 She married Basilio Matrone on 21 January 1836 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.52 Basilio Matrone was born on 25 October 1810 in Boscoreale, Naples, Campania, Italy.53
Second Generation
2. ANGELO BRASILE was born about 25 April 1808 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, and died on 8 December 1861 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.54 He married RAFFAELA MATRONE, also known as Rachela on her children’s birth records, on 1 August 1836 in Boscoreale, Naples, Campania, Italy.55 She was born on 4 November 1812 in Boscoreale, Naples, Campania, Italy, the daughter of Domenico Matrona and Maria Salzano, and died on 2 June 1884 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.56
Raffaela was from the hometown of Angelo’s mother and the marriage was probably arranged by his family when he had proved he was able to support a wife and children.57 He was twenty-eight years old and she was twenty-four years old when they married which was typical of the time.58
Politically, Angelo’s world was similar to his father’s. Before 1796, Italy was a conglomerate of various states, kingdoms, and independent entities.59 Napoleon conquered Northern Italy around 1796 and in 1805 he united the area into the Kingdom of Italy.60 The Kingdom of Naples was invaded by the French and defeated in 1806 and ruled by Napoleon’s brother-in-law until he was deposed in 1815.61 With Napoleon’s defeat, Italy was once again divided and Scafati became part of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies which consisted of Sicily and the southern part of the Italian peninsula.62 Between 1820 and 1845, there were small rebellions throughout Italy in the hopes of creating a unified country, but they did not enjoy popular support and were quickly put down.63
Angelo and Raffaela got married the summer before the 1837 cholera epidemic.64 In 1837 there were almost three times as many deaths in Scafati as an average year, but none of Angelo’s immediate family died in the epidemic.65
Economically, the world was changing for the Brasile family. While the family survived the epidemic, the time of maiolica and faengalas was coming to an end—porcelain had taken its place in popularity.66 “Maiolica still dominated the production of ceramics for everyday use and devotional works (votive plaques, domestic holy water stoups) especially in southern and central areas. The istoriato style continued to enjoy considerable success in Castelli and Naples thanks to families of talented painters (Grue, Gentile, Cappelletti, Massa, Sallandra and Criscuolo).”67
Giovanni Brasile’s nephew, Gregorio Brasile, left Scafati for Capua, Caserta, Campania, Italy around 1832.68 Between 1842 and 1845 he moved his family to Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy probably to join his cousin Angelo Brasile, Giovanni’s son, who had moved there between 1839 and 1840.69 Why Acerra? They were probably looking for a market for their maiolica. Acerra was a larger community than Scafati having 6,256 residents in 1830, and agriculture was its predominant industry.70 While Angelo was a maiolica maker as late as 1839, by 1844 Angelo had given up on maiolica and was working as a farmhand in Acerra and continued in that profession until his death.71 Gregorio Brasile continued as a maiolica maker until his death in 1868.72 Angelo’s son Mario Brasile, who was a faengala as late as 1913, also gave up on maiolica and was working as a laborer when he died in 1920.73
The known children of Angelo Brasile and Raffaela Matrone were:
i. MARIANTONIA BRASILE was born on 24 October 1837 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, and died on 22 December 1913 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.74 She married first Angelo Orazio Salvadore Manna on 7 August 1859 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.75 Angelo Orazio Salvadore Manna was born on 5 June 1829 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, and died on 10 September 1862 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.76 Mariantonia married second Francesco Sarnataro on 14 July 1863 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.77 Francesco Sarnataro was born about 1 October 1821 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, and died on 13 February 1890 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.78
ii. GIOVANNI BRASILE was born on 20 February 1839 in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy.79
iii. IGNAZIO BRASILE was born on 1 November 1840 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, and died after 1914.80 He married Rosa Tanzillo on 27 January 1867 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.81 Rosa Tanzillo was born on 14 February 1848 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, and died on 22 March 1914 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.82
iv. TERESA BRASILE was born on 6 March 1842 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, and died on 21 February 1867 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.83 She probably married Pasquale Riemma around 1865 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.84 Pasquale Riemma was probably born about 1838 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.85
v. AMELIO BRASILE was born about 1843 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, and died on 9 July 1845 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.86
vi. MARIA BRASILE was born on 11 February 1844 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.87
vii. FILOMENA BRASILE was born on 20 November 1845 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, and died on 24 February 1924 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.88 She married Luigi Toscano on 15 April 1871 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.89 He was born on 2 March 1838 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, and died on 22 March 1909 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.90
+ 3. viii. MARIO BRASILE was born on 15 August 1848 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, and died on 22 February 1920 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.91 He married first, Teresa Sarnataro on 20 July 1873 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.92 She was born on 20 July 1850 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, and died between 1908 and 1913 probably in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.93 Mario married second, Gaetana di Gallo on 9 February 1913 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.94 She was born on 7 August 1853 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, and died on 11 September 1926 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.95
ix. CUONO VINCENZO BRASILE was born on 15 March 1852 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, and died on 22 December 1926 in Chicago, Cook, Illinois, United States.96 He married Maddalena Renella on 12 June 1875 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.97 She was born on 6 January 1857 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, and died on 17 April 1909 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.98
x. ANTONIO BRASILE was born on 4 January 1854 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, and died on 8 April 1862 in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy.99
Part 2 - Generations 3 & 4
Vittorio Cimmelli, Storia di Scafati e di S. Pietro Suo Villaggio, a cura di Angelo Pesce (Scafati: Biblioteca Comunale di Scafati, 1997); except at Comune di Scafati Provincia di Salerno (https://www.comune.scafati.sa.it : accessed 8 September 2021).
Bartolo Longo, La Civiltà e la Religione nella Feste della Nuova Pompei (Pompeii: Scuola Tipografica, 1888), 14; quoted by Ingrid D. Rowland, From Pompeii: The Afterlife of a Roman Town, (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 24 March 2014), 193.
Longo, La Civiltà e la Religione nella Feste della Nuova Pompei, 14.
Britannica (https://www.britannica.com/topic/Embargo-Act : accessed 3 October 2024), “Embargo Act.”
Britannica (11 Nov. 2022), “Embargo Act.”
Comune di Scafati, “Storia.”
F. Morlicchio, Coltivazione ed Industria del Cotone in Quel di Scafati, (Salerno: Tipografia Migliaccio, 1864), 7; imaged, Google Books, (https://books.google.com : accessed 9 September 2021).
Richard V. Fisher, “Soils from Volcanoes,” The Volcano Information Center, University of California at Santa Barbara, Department of Geological Sciences (https://volcanology.geol.ucsb.edu/soil.htm : accessed 9 September 2021).
Roberto Scandone, “Activity of Vesuvio between 1631 and 1944,” Boris Behncke’s Volcano Pages hosted by Michigan Tech, Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences, (http://www.geo.mtu.edu/volcanoes/boris/mirror/mirrored_html/VESUVIO_1631-1944.html : accessed 9 September 2021). There is no link from the Michigan Tech home page to Boris Behncke’s page.
Morlicchio, Coltivazione ed Industria del Cotone, 7.
Morlicchio, Coltivazione ed Industria del Cotone, 7.
Morlicchio, Coltivazione ed Industria del Cotone, 8.
Morlicchio, Coltivazione ed Industria del Cotone, 10.
Morlicchio, Coltivazione ed Industria del Cotone, 5.
The Edinburgh Gazetteer, (Edinburgh: A. Constable and Company, 1822), volume 5, 462, entry for Scafati; digital images, Google Books, (https://books.google.com : accessed 9 September 2021).
Morlicchio, Coltivazione ed Industria del Cotone, p. 14.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5972 degli Atti di Morti, 1844, record 91, Giovanni Brasile, 24 June 1844; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9PH-B3WC : accessed 9 September 2021), image 107; Salerno State Archives, Italy. Giovanni Brasile was listed as age seventy-six when he died, putting his birth around 1768. The 1810 birth record for his son, Ignazio Nicola Brasile, stated Giovanni was age forty-eight, putting his birth around 1762. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5928 degli Atti di Nati, 1810, record 117, Ignatio Nicola Brasile, 2 August 1810; imaged in “Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903
/3:1:3QS7-L9P9-1ZJ3 : accessed 10 September 2021), image 120; Salerno State Archives Italy. Two years later on his daughter Anella Brasil’s birth record, Giovanni was age forty, putting his birth around 1772. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5930 degli Atti di Nati, 1812, record 125, Anella Brasile, 21 September 1812; imaged in “Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903
/3:1:3QSQ-G9P9-19F1 : accessed 11 September 2021), image 128; Salerno State Archives, Italy. Neither of Giovanni’s wives’ names was listed on his 1844 death record, but when Maria Brasile was getting married in 1853, she needed the consent of her paternal grandfather to marry since her father was deceased. Maria Brasile’s marriage papers contain the death record for her father, Mario Brasile, the son of Giovanni Brasile and Maria Casillo. The following document was the aforementioned 1844 death record for her paternal grandfather, Giovanni Brasile, proving that he was deceased and unable to grant permission for the marriage. So Giovanni Brasile who died in 1844 and Giovanni Brasile married to Maria Casillo were the same person. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5989 degli Matrimoni, processetti, 1853, No. 19, record copy of death record for Mario Brasile, 25 January 1831; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9PV-VHJP : accessed 10 September 2021), image 233. Also, Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5989 degli Matrimoni, processetti, 1853, No. 19, record copy of death record for Giovanni Brasile, 24 June 1844.
Giovanni Brasile and Maria Casillo were probably married a year before their oldest known child, Erasmo Brasile, was born between 1780 and 1784. Erasmo Brasile was listed as age thirty-four when his daughter Angela Brasile died in 1814, putting his birth around 1780. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5931 degli Atti di Morti, 1814, record 249, Angela Brasile, 21 November 1814; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89P9-Y5RX : accessed 4 October 2021), image 64; Salerno State Archives, Italy. Erasmo Brasile was listed as age thirty-four in 1819 when his son Gaetano was born, putting Erasmo’s birth around 1785. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5934 degli Atti di Nati, 1819, record 93, Gaetano Brasile, 16 June 1819; imaged in “Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949,” FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89P9-YLCR : accessed 4 October 2021), image 96; Salerno State Archives, Italy. Between Giovanni Brasile and Maria Casillo’s beliefs as Catholics and the unavailability of reliable birth control, there was usually a child born about a year after a marriage at this time and in this place.
Maria Casillo was listed as being born in Bosco [Reale] around 1767. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5935 degli Atti di Morti, 1820, record 103, Maria Casciello [name is Casillo in the index], 28 October 1820; imaged in “Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89PC-QJLV : accessed 9 September 2021), image 106; Salerno State Archives, Italy.
No marriage record was located in Boscoreale or Scafati for Giovanni Brasile and Angiola Grabriello, but her death record said she was the wife of Giovanni Brasile. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5967 degli Atti di Morti, 1842, record 106, Angiola Grabriello, 28 July 1842; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9PH-Y87Y : accessed 2 October 2021), image 119; Salerno State Archives, Italy. Aniello Brasile, age sixty, a faengala, and brother of the deceased, was an informant on the 1844 death record for Giovanni Brasile. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1844, record 91, Giovanni Brasile. And on the 1842 death record of Angiola Grabriello, wife of Giovanni Brasile, Aniello Brasile, age sixty, a faengale, was listed as the brother-in-law of the deceased. While his age had not changed in the two years, Aniello Brasile the brother of Giovanni Brasile and Aniello Brasile brother-in-law of Angiola Grabriello wife of Giovanni Brasile was probably the same person. Giovanni Brasile on the 1844 death record was most likely the Giovanni on Angiola’s 1842 death record.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5967 degli Atti di Morti, 1842, record 106, Angiola Grabriello. The death record listed her father but the place where her mother’s name should have been listed was blank.
Angelandrea Casale, Dr., “La Storia di Boscoreale,” Comune di Boscoreale: Terra della Pietra Lavica, (https://www.comune.boscoreale.na.it : accessed 9 September 2021), Vivere la Città > La Storia > La Storia di Boscoreale.
Angelandrea Casale, Dr., “La Storia di Boscoreale.”
Angelandrea Casale, Dr., “La Storia di Boscoreale.”
Angelandrea Casale, Dr., “La Storia di Boscoreale.”
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1844, record 91, Giovanni Brasile. Also, Cadea, “Munno and Vollaro,” definition of a faenzaro, Forum, Italian Language, Handwriting, Script-Translations, 26 May 2012, Italgen (https://www.italiangenealogy.com : accessed 10 September 2021). Also, Rebecca Wallis, “What are Maiolica and Majolica?,” National Trust, United Kingdom, (https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/features/what-are-maiolica-and-majolica : accessed 10 September 2021). Also Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1820, record 103, Maria Casillo.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5979 degli Atti di Morti, 1848, record 36, Aniello Brasile, 6 March 1848; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89PH-BQ2C : accessed 13 September 2021), image 53; Salerno State Archives, Italy.
On Aniello Brasile’s death record, his father Gregorio Brasile was listed as a landowner. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1848, record 36, Aniello Brasile. Vittoria Brasile’s death record, Gregorio Brasile was listed as a faengala. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5978 degli Atti di Morti, 1847, record 86, Vittoria Brasile, 21 August 1847; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9PN-CSZ6-V : accessed 13 September 2021), image 98; Salerno State Archives, Italy.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1868, record 226, Gregorio Brasile, 4 November 1868; imaged in “Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7BSS-M8 : accessed 13 September 2021), images 138–139; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1861, record 381, Angelo Brasile, 8 December 1861; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7B9X-TC : accessed 11 September 2021), image 192; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1913, record 14, Mario Brasile and Gaetana Gallo, 9 February 1913; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7B3W-D4 : accessed 26 March 2021), image 8; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Erasmo’s son Paolo Brasile died in 1830 and the uncle of the deceased (therefore Erasmo’s brother), Mario Brasile, was one of the informants. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5947 degli Atti di Morti, 1830, record 102, Paolo Brasile, 5 November 1830; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9PC-QQYF : accessed 4 October 2021), image 116; Salerno State Archives, Italy. There were no other Mario Brasiles living in Scafati at this time, and Mario’s 1831 death record stated he was the son of Giovanni Brasile and Maria Casillo. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5949 degli di Morti, 1831, record 22, Mario Brasile, 25 January 1831 [the first page says the book is for deaths in 1831 but the documents say 1830 which is incorrect as he would have died before he married], imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9PC-QNGT : accessed 17 September 2021), image 35; Salerno State Archives, Italy. Thus Erasmo Brasile was also the son of Giovanni Brasile and Maria Casillo. For the discussion about Erasmo’s birth year, see footnote 17.
Erasmo Brasile and Maria Giuseppa Ammora’s first known child was born around 1810. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5931 degli Atti di Morti, 1814, record 249, Angela Brasile. Again, given the stigma of premarital sex and the lack of reliable birth control, the marriage probably occurred the year before the first child’s birth.
Giuseppa Ammora was about twenty-nine years old when her son Gaetano Brasile was born in 1818. See, Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5934 degli Atti di Nati, 1818, record 93, Gaetano Brasile.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5930 degli Matrimoni, processetti, 1812, sixth package of documents, Atti di matrimonio tra Antonio Esposito Fontana con Maria Rosa Brasile, record copy of baptism for Maria Rosa Brasile, 1 January 1794; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9P9-14YW : accessed 11 September 2021), Matrimoni, processetti, 1812, image 49; Salerno State Archives, Italy. Also, Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5972 degli Atti di Morti, 1844, record 35, Rosa Brasile, 17 March 1844; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9PH-B37M : accessed 26 March 2022), image 51; Salerno State Archives, Italy.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5930 degli Matrimoni, processetti, 1812, Atti di matrimonio tra Antonio Esposito Fontana con Maria Rosa Brasile, [act of celebrating the marriage] for Antonio Esposito Fontana and Maria Rosa Brasile, image 52.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5930 degli Matrimoni, processetti, 1812, Atti di matrimonio tra Antonio Esposito Fontana con Maria Rosa Brasile, record copy of baptism for Antonio Esposito, March 1791, image 48. Also, Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5973 degli Atti di Morti, 1845, record 37, Antonio Fontana, 15 May 1845; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9PN-Z3PF : accessed 10 September 2021), image 47; Salerno State Archives, Italy.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5933 degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1818, record 8, Tommaso Amatrano and Maria Luigia Brasile, 29 January 1818; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89P9-17W5 : accessed 10 September 2021), image 18; Salerno State Archives, Italy.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5933 degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1818, record 8, Tommaso Amatrano and Maria Luigia Brasile.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5933 degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1818, record 8, Tommaso Amatrano and Maria Luigia Brasile.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5934 degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1819, record 15, Antonio Luigi Ilarione Gargiulo and Petronilla Anella Brasile, 30 January 1819; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89P9-Y2CD : accessed 10 September 2021), image 32; Salerno State Archives, Italy.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5934 degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1819, record 15, Antonio Luigi Ilarione Gargiulo and Petronilla Anella Brasile.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5934 degli Matrimoni, processetti, 1819, third package of documents, Atti di matrimonio tra Antonio Luigi Ilarione Gargiulo con Petronilla Anella Brasile, record copy of baptism record for Antonio Luigi Ilarione Gargiulo, 1 October 1796; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89P9-YPRH : accessed 10 September 2021), image 234.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5948 degli Matrimoni, processetti, 1830, No. 90, Atti di matrimonio tra Mario Brasile con Mariantonia di Martino, record copy of baptism record for Mario Brasile, 15 April 1803; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9PH-BY4 : accessed 26 March 2022), image 752; Salerno State Archives, Italy. Also, Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5949 degli di Morti, 1831, record 22, Mario Brasile. The death record said Mario Brasile was the husband of Angela Rosa di Martino; the marriage record said her name was Mariantonia di Martino. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5947 degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1830, record 9, Mario Brasile and Mariantonia di Martino, 6 February 1830; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9PC-QHWD : accessed 10 September 2021), image 43; Salerno State Archives, Italy.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5947 degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1830, record 9, Mario Brasile and Mariantonia di Martino.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5948 degli Matrimoni, Processetti, 1830, No. 90, Atti di matrimonio tra Mario Brasile con Mariantonia di Martino, record copy of baptism record for Maria Antonia Martino, 7 May 1804, image 753.
Domenico Brasile, weaver, brother of the deceased, appeared as an informant on Ignazio Nicola Brasile’s 1831 death record. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5949 degli Atti di Morti, 1831, record 86, Ignazio Nicola Brasile, 12 September 1831 [the year on the record is mistakenly listed as 1830]; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9PC-QNG9 : accessed 26 March 2022), image 99; Salerno State Archives, Italy. Since Ignazio Nicola Brasile was the son of Giovanni Brasile and Maria Casillo, that would make Domenico most likely the legitimate son of Giovanni Brasile and Maria Casillo. No evidence was found that Domenico married or had children.
There was another Domenico Brasile, about the same age, in Scafati, the son of Giovanni Brasile and Teresa Vollaro, a day laborer married to Maria Rosa Magiano, who died in 1854. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5992 degli Atti di Morti, 1854, record 70, Domenico Brasile, 9 July 1854; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9PN-C9SY-S : accessed 5 October 2021), image 84; Salerno State Archives, Italy. Domenico Brasile the weaver was still alive in 1855 proving they were not the same man. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5994 degli Atti di Morti, 1855, record 214, Antonio Formiagano, 1 December 1855, imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9PN-CLSP : accessed 6 October 2021), image 228; Salerno State Archives, Italy. The informant was Domenico Brasile, the uncle [actually great uncle as the mother, Santa Fontana, was the son of Domenico’s sister, Maria Rosa Brasile] of the deceased.
Boscoreale, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro 2662 degli Matrimoni, Processetti, 1836, package of documents 54, record copy of baptism for Angelo Brasile, 25 April 1808; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1865," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9TN-L786 : accessed 11 September 2021), image 192; Naples State Archives, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1861, record 381, Angelo Brasile.
Boscoreale, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro 2416 degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1836, record 30, Angelo Brasile and Raffaela Matrone, 1 August 1836; imaged in “Italia, Napoli, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1865," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9T4-WQMB-N : accessed 11 September 2021), image 61; Naples State Archives, Italy.
Boscoreale, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro 2249 degli Atti di Nati, 1812, record 194, Raffaela Matrone, 4 November 1812; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1865," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9T3-5RYN : accessed 11 September 2021), images 403–404; Naples State Archives, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1884, record 182, Raffaela Matrona, 2 June 1884; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7BSS-FH : accessed 11 September 2021), image 47; Naples State Archives, Italy.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1810, record 117, Ignatio Nicola Brasile. Also, Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5949 degli Atti di Morti, 1831, record 86, Ignazio Nicola Brasile.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1812, record 125, Anella Brasile.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5957 degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1836, record 1, Basilio Matrone and Anella Brasile, 21 January 1836; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9PC-QHSM : accessed 11 September 2021), image 11; Salerno State Archives, Italy.
Boscoreale, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro 2246 degli Atti di Nati, 1810, record 124, Basilio Matrone, 25 October 1810; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1865," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9T3-59KM-B : accessed 11 September 2021), image 124; Naples State Archives, Italy.
Boscoreale, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro 2662 degli Matrimoni, Processetti, 1836, package of documents 54, record copy of baptism for Angelo Brasile, 25 April 1808. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1861, record 381, Angelo Brasile.
Boscoreale, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro 2416 degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1836, record 30, Angelo Brasile and Raffaela Matrone.
Boscoreale, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro 2249 degli Atti di Nati, 1812, record 194, Raffaela Matrone. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1884, record 182, Raffaela Matrona.
Treavor Dean and K.J.P. Lowe, editors, Marriage in Italy 1300 - 1650, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002), 8. Also, Catherine Edwards, “How an Economic Miracle Transformed Love and Marriage in Post-War Italy,” 14 June 2017, The Local: Italy Edition (https://www.thelocal.it/?s=Marriage+in+Post-war+italy : accessed 28 March 2022); no link from the homepage.
There were more 15-year-old and 16-year-old girls getting married in Scafati than in Acerra around 1836, but age nineteen to twenty-five was more common in both towns; statistics compiled by the author by examining the age of the brides in the marriage records of Scafati and Acerra 1835–1837.
David Gilmour, The Pursuit of Italy: A History of a Land, Its Regions, and Their Peoples, (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011), xvi and xvii map of Italy circa 1490 and 138.
Christopher Duggan, The Force of Destiny: A History of Italy Since 1796, (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2008), 3. Also, Gilmour, Pursuit of Italy, 132.
Gilmour, The Pursuit of Italy, 132–135. Also, Duggan, The Force of Destiny, 68.
Gilmour, The Pursuit of Italy, 138.
Gilmour, The Pursuit of Italy, 155–164.
Boscoreale, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro 2416 degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1836, record 30, Angelo Brasile and Raffaela Matrone.
Statistics compiled by the author examining the number of deaths in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy for the years 1835–1838.
Museo Internazionale delle Ceramiche, Faenza, Ravenna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy, “Italian Ceramics from the Middle Age to the Present,” Google Arts--Culture (https://artsandculture.google.com/story/mwXBqEQiw0JaLA : accessed 9 October 2021).
Museo Internazionale delle Ceramiche, “Italian Ceramics from the Middle Age to the Present.”
Capua, Caserta, Campania, Italy, Registro 3.180 degli Matrimoni, Processetti, 1832, No. 47, Volumetto di documenti di pagine dodici pret matrimonio di Gregorio Brasile ed Agata Fucetola, Atto Della Solenne Promessa di Celebrare il Matrimonio for Gregorio Brasile and Agata Fucetola, 22 December 1832; imaged in “Italia, Caserta Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809–1866,” FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSDM-RS9Q-8 : accessed 26 March 2022), image 96; Caserta State Archives, Italy.
1842 was the last year a known child of Gregorio Brasile and Agata Fucetola was born in Capua, Caserta, Campania, Italy, and 1845 was the first year a known child of Gregorio Brasile and Agata Fucetola was born in Acerra, Naples, Italy. See Capua, Caserta, Campania, Italy, Registro 3.255 degli Atti di Nati, 1842, record 389, Salvatore Brasile, 23 December 1842; imaged in "Italia, Caserta, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1866," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS3Q-C6T5-7 : accessed 12 October 2021) images 403–404; State Archives of Caserta, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro 114.3337 degli Atti di Nati, 1845, record 329, Maria Brasile, 3 September 1845; imaged in "Italia, Caserta, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1866," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS74-MSWZ-Z : accessed 12 October 2021), images 355–356; State Archives of Caserta, Italy. 1839 was the last year a known child of Angelo Brasile and Raffaela Matrone was born in Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, and 1840 was the first year a known child of Angelo Brasile and Raffaela Matrone was born in Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy. See Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5963 degli Atti di Nati, 1839, record 48, Giovanni Brasile, 20 February 1839; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS8W-M9YM-6 : accessed 12 October 2021), images 111–112; Salerno State Archives, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1840, record 308, Ignazio Brasile, 1 November 1840; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7BSS-ZV : accessed 13 October 2021), images 309–310; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Encyclopaedia Britannica (1830), volume 2, "Acerra;” digital images, Google Books (https://books.google.com : accessed 12 October 2021). Also, Duggan, The Force of Destiny, 106.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5963 degli Atti di Nati, 1839, record 48, Giovanni Brasile. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro 114.3336 degli Atti di Nati, 1844, record 62, Maria Brasile, 16 February 1836; imaged in "Italia, Caserta, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1866," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS74-MSWS-D : accessed 12 October 2021), images 86–87; State Archives of Caserta, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1861, record 381, Angelo Brasile.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1868, record 226, Gregorio Brasile.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1913, record 14, Mario Brasile and Gaetana Gallo, 9 February 1913; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7B3W-D4 : accessed 12 October 2021), image 8; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1920, record 72, Mario Brasile, 22 February 1920; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-WN9L-F3 : accessed 12 October 2021), Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), image 19, Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro 5958 degli Atti di Nati, 1837, record 189, Mariantonia Brasile, 24 October 1837; imaged in "Italia, Salerno, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1949," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9PC-Q4DX : accessed 12 October 2021), images 391–403; Salerno State Archives, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1913, record 409, Maria Antonia Brasile, 22 December 1913; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7BSF-C5 : accessed 12 October 2021), image 104; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro 114.9431 degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1859, record 55, Angelo Orazio Salvadore Manna and Mariantonia Brasile; imaged in "Italia, Caserta, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1866," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-99PS-1LXW : accessed 12 October 2021), image 77; Caserta State Archives, Italy.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, "Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1829," record 166, Angelo Orazio Salvadore Manna, 5 June 1829; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7RQ9-7 : accessed 13 October 2021), images 168–169; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1862, record 15, Angelo Manna, 10 September 1862; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7B32-93 : accessed 13 October 2021), image 15; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro 114.9435 degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1863, record 42, Francesco Sarnataro and Mariantonia Brasile, 14 July 1863; imaged in "Italia, Caserta, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1866," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-99PS-1GN5 : accessed 13 October 2021), image 44; Caserta State Archives, Italy.
Chiesa Cattolica, Parrocchia di Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Baptizatorum Liber Julius 1807–Maius 1828, folio 208 front, entry 3, Francesco Sarnataro, 1 October 1821; imaged in “Registri Ecclesiastici di Acerra (Napoli), 1607-1900,” FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSMB-6SWS-H : accessed 13 October 2021), image 1777; Parrocchia di Acerra, Naples, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1890, record 53, death of Francesco Sarnataro, 13 February 1890; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7B98-NW : accessed 13 October 2021), image 15; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Scafati, Salerno, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1839, record 48, Giovanni Brasile.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1840, record 309, Ignazio Brasile. Ignazio Brasile was listed as still living on his wife’s 1914 death record. See Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1914, record 84, Rosa Tanzillo, 22 March 1914; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7Y4S-J : accessed 28 March 2022), image 22; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Chiesa Cattolica, Parrocchia di Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Matrimoniorum Liber 1865–1880, folio 14 front, entry 1, Ignazio Brasile and Rosa Tanzillo, 27 January 1867; imaged in “Registri Ecclesiastici di Acerra (Napoli), 1607-1900,” FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSMB-M36S : accessed 13 October 2021), image 1076; Parrocchia di Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, "Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1848," record 39, Rosa Tanzillo, 14 February 1848; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7B38-WW : accessed 13 October 2021), images 60–61; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro 114.3334 degli Atti di Nati, 1842, record 68, Teresa Brasile, 6 March 1842; imaged in "Italia, Caserta, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1866," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS8P-N7DK-6 : accessed 13 October 2021), images 100–101; Caserta State Archives, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1867, record 49, Teresa Brasile, 21 February 1867; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7RQK-X : accessed 13 October 2021), image 20; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Teresa Brasile’s death record says she was the wife of Pasquale Riemma. See Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1867, record 49, Teresa Brasile. The only known child of Pasquale Riemma and Teresa Brasile was born and died in 1866. As mentioned earlier, given the stigma of premarital sex and the lack of reliable birth control, the marriage probably occurred the year before the child’s birth. See, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1866, record 291, Maria Teresa Riemma, 5 May 1866; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7TG9 : accessed 13 October 2021), image 112; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Pasquale Riemma was about thirty years old when his second wife gave birth to a stillborn child in 1868 putting his birth around 1838. See Chiesa Cattolica, Parrocchia di Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Matrimoniorum Liber 1865-1880, folio 16 front, entry 3, Pasquale Riemma, widower of Teresa Brasile, and Maddalena Marzullo, 6 June 1867; imaged in “Registri Ecclesiastici di Acerra (Napoli), 1607-1900,” FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSMB-M3XS : accessed 28 March 2022), image 1078; Parrocchia di Acerra, Naples, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1868, record 7, Bambino nato morto, 4 January 1868; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7B94-72 : accessed 13 October 2021), image 4; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1845, record 116, Amelio Brasile, 9 July 1845; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7Y32-W : accessed 13 October 2021), image 79; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro 114.3336 degli Atti di Nati, 1844, record 62, Maria Brasile.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro 114.3337 degli Atti di Nati, 1845, record 41, Filomena Brasile, 20 November 1845; imaged in "Italia, Caserta, Stato Civile (Archivio di Stato), 1809-1866," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS74-MS71-3 : accessed 28 March 2022), images 467–468; Caserta State Archives, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1924, record 43, Filomena Brasile, 24 February 1924; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7Y4X-Y : accessed 14 October 2021), image 12; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Marriage information was written in the margin of the second page of both Luigi Toscano and Filomena Brasile’s birth records. See Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro 114.3337 degli Atti di Nati, 1845, record 41, Filomena Brasile. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1838, record 39, Luigi Toscano, 2 March 1838; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-WNXS-9 : accessed 14 October 2021), images 40–41; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1838, record 39, Luigi Toscano. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1909, record 184, Luigi Toscano, 22 March 1909; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7BSL-LC : accessed 28 March 2022),
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1848, record 235, Mario Brasile, 15 August 1848; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7B3Z-5M : accessed 28 March 2022), images 256–257; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1920, record 72, Mario Brasile.
Marriage information was written in the margin of the second page of both Mario Brasile and Teresa Sarnataro’s birth records. See Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1848, record 235, Mario Brasile. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1850, record 227, Teresa Sarnataro, 2 July 1850; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7B9F-M1 : 14 October 2021), images 234–235; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1850, record 227, Teresa Sarnataro. Teresa Sarnataro was alive when her daughter, Giovanna Brasile, married in 1908, but as divorce was not legal in Italy until 1974, she probably was deceased when her husband married in 1913. See Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1908, record 22, Giovanni Levita and Giovanna Brasile, 2 February 1908; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7Y78-S : accessed 14 October 2021), image 12; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1913, record 14, Mario Brasile and Gaetana Gallo, 9 February 1913; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7B3W-D4 : accessed 14 October 2021), image 8; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, "Registro degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1913," record 14, marriage of Mario Brasile and Gaetana Gallo
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1853, record 258, Gaetana Gallo, 7 August 1853; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7T9Z-F : accessed 14 October 2021), images 280–281; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1926, record 313, Gaetana Gallo, 11 September 1926; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7B3K-RZ : accessed 14 October 2021), image 80; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1852, record 119, Cuono Vincenzo Brasile, 15 March 1852; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7R96-W : accessed 15 October 2021), images 140–141; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy. Also, Illinois Department of Public Health, certificate of death no. 37789 (1928), Cuono "Gaetano" Brasile; Division of Vital Records, Springfield, Illinois, United States, photocopied certificate supplied by clerk, 25 January 2022, in possession of author.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Matrimoni, 1875, record 54, Cuono Vincenzo Brasile and Maddalena Renella, 12 June 1875; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7B3C-MW : accessed 15 October 2021), image 27; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1857, record 9, Maddalena Renella, 6 January 1857; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7B3J-N9 : accessed 15 October 2021), image 25; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1909, record 215, Maddalena Renella, ; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7BSL-8B : 15 October 2021), image 55; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.
Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Nati, 1854, record 6, Antonio Brasile, 4 January 1854; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7BSH-XV : accessed 15 October 2021), image 25; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy. Also, Acerra, Naples, Campania, Italy, Registro degli Atti di Morti, 1862, record 93, Antonio Brasile, 8 April 1862; imaged in "Italia, Napoli, Acerra, Stato Civile (Comune), 1809-1929," FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-7B3P-92 : accessed 15 October 2021), image 69; Town of Acerra, Naples, Italy.